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81.
82.
A solution is found to a plane problem for a composite material reinforced with two in-line fibers and subjected to longitudinal compression. The problem formulation is based on the piecewise-homogeneous model and the three-dimensional theory of stability. The dependence of the critical strain and buckling mode on the distance between the fibers is studied for various mechanical and geometrical characteristics of the composite components.Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 40, No. 9, pp. 65–74, September 2004. 相似文献
83.
Short duration stress pulses are of particular interest in determining the interfacial crack tip instability criteria for
the dynamic fracture behavior of laminated carbon-fiber/epoxy composites. However, the heterogeneous architectures of laminated
composites can alter the characteristics of a stress pulse as it propagates toward a crack tip. This makes it difficult to
use standard dynamic testing techniques for characterizing these materials, since these techniques assume the characteristics
of the stress pulse do not change as a result of propagation and can therefore be unambiguously determined from impact conditions.
This paper presents a novel experimental technique that has been developed for characterizing short duration stress pulse
propagation in laminated composite materials. In this technique, a dynamic moiré interferometer is used to capture fringe
patterns corresponding to displacement fields associated with short duration stress pulses that were generated by impacting
0° and 90°/0°/90° carbon-fiber/epoxy composites with a magnetic flyer plate. Appropriate dynamic testing conditions for capturing
high fidelity fringe patterns were determined using the recently developed dynamic moiré fringe contrast factor. The effects
of the composite architecture on the propagation of short duration stress pulses observed with the dynamic moiré interferometer
were confirmed by transient dynamic finite element analysis. From comparisons of experimental and numerical data, it was determined
that the impact conditions for the magnetic flyer plate and laminated composite will not necessarily be planar, which has
a significant effect on the intensity and duration of the propagating stress pulse. 相似文献
84.
Hill's 1948 anisotropic theory of plasticity (Hill, R., 1948. A theory of yielding and plastic flow of anisotropic metals. Proc. Roy. Soc. London A193, 281–297) is extended to include the concept of combined isotropic-kinematic hardening, and the objective of this paper is to validate the model so that it may be useful for analyses of sheet metal forming. Isotropic hardening and kinematic hardening may be experimentally observed in sheet metals, if yielding is defined by the proportional limit or by a small proof strain. In this paper, a single exponential term is used to describe isotropic hardening and Prager's linear kinematic hardening rule is applied for simplicity. It is shown that this model can satisfactorily describe both the yield stress and the plastic strain ratio, the R-ratio, observed in tension test of specimens cut at various angles measured from the rolling direction of the sheet. Kinematic hardening leads to a gradual change in the direction of the plastic strain increment, as the axial strain increases in the tension test; while in the traditional approach for sheet metal, this direction does not change due to the use of isotropic hardening. 相似文献
85.
The mechanical behaviour of the upper layers of a sandy loam soil was studied under standard triaxial compression and direct shear box tests. Variations of soil material properties were investigated at four different initial dry bulk densities of 1410, 1520, 1610 and 1670 kg/m3. Soil deformation and volume change under the triaxial compression loading were also studied at these bulk densities. Results from the two tests showed increases in the soil mechanical properties with the initial dry bulk density. The internal friction angle values measured with the triaxial compression apparatus exceeded those measured with the direct shear box. In contrast, the soil cohesion values measured with the direct shear box exceeded those measured with the triaxial compression apparatus. Under the triaxial compression test, the loose soil samples underwent contraction and volume reduction, whereas the dense samples swelled and failure cracks appeared clearly at various planes. The soil contraction for the former case characterizes the occurrence of soil compaction, whereas the cracks propagation and volume increase in the latter case characterizes the breaking up and loosening of soil during tillage operations. For the loose and moderately compacted states, the engineering Poisson's ratio increased with the axial strain until loading was completed. It also increased at the compacted and very compacted states until reaching given loading stages, after which its value started to decrease. This shifting in the engineering Poisson's ratio during loading may provide another identification of the moment of soil failure occurrence, in addition to that of the maximum shear stress. 相似文献
86.
IntroductionOfallthefiber_reinforcedcompositematerials,theshort_fibercompositematerialnotonlystrengthensthematrixbutavoidsdefectionsofthelong_fibercompositematerialaswell.Themicro_mechanicsaboutitsuchasfracture ,fatigueanddamageisverycomplex .Intheprevi… 相似文献
87.
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89.
To obtain practical schemes of vortex–flame interactions, a series of organized eddies formed in the plane premixed shear layer is investigated, instead of a single vortex ring or a single vortex tube. The plane premixed shear layer is first formed between two parallel uniform propane–air mixture streams. For getting clear qualitative pictures of vortex–flame interactions in the plane premixed shear layer, two extreme ignition points are assigned; one is assigned at the center of an organized eddy where the vortex motion plays an important role, the other at the midpoint between two adjacent organized eddies where the rolling-up motion prevails. A premixed flame is initiated by an electric discharge at one of the two assigned points and propagates either in the large scale organized eddy or along the interface between two uniform mixture streams. Propagation and deformation processes of the flame are observed using the simultaneously two-directional and high-speed Schlieren photography. The tangential velocity of organized eddy and the equivalence ratio of premixed shear flow are varied as two main parameters. The outline of propagating flame after the midpoint ignition is numerically analyzed by superposing the flame propagation having a constant burning velocity on the vortex flow field simulated with the discrete vortex method. The results obtained show that there exists another type of vortex–flame interaction in the plane shear layer in addition to the vortex bursting, and that it is caused by the rolling-up motion particular to the coherent structure in the plane shear layer and is simply named the vortex boosting. It is qualitatively concluded therefore that, in the ordinary turbulent premixed flames formed in the plane premixed shear layer, these two fundamental vortex-flame interactions get tangled with each other to augment the propagation velocity. An empirical expression which qualitatively takes into account of the effects of both vortex and chemical properties is finally proposed. 相似文献
90.
The interaction of a screw dislocation with an interfacial edge crack in a two-phase piezoelectric medium is investigated.
Closed-form solutions of the elastic and electrical fields induced by the screw dislocation are derived using the conformal
mapping method in conjunction with the image principle. Based on the electroelastic fields derived, the stress and electric
displacement intensity factors, the image force acting on the dislocation are given explicitly. We find that the stress and
electric displacement intensity factors depend on the effective electroelastic material constants. In the case where one of
two phases is purely elastic, the stress intensity factor and image force are plotted to illustrate the influences of electromechanical
coupling effect, the position of the dislocation and the material properties on the interaction mechanism.
The project supported by the Doctoral Foundation of Hebei Province (B2003113) 相似文献